Short and Quick Activities for the ESL Classroom

All teachers are probably familiar with this situation: Its five minutes before your next class is going to begin and you really dont know what to do. Or maybe this situation is familiar; youve finished your lesson and there are still ten minutes left to go. These short, helpful activities can be used in those situations when you could use a good idea to help get the class started, or fill those inevitable gaps. 3 Favorite Short Classroom Activities My Friend...? I like to draw a picture of a man or a woman on the board. This usually gets a few laughs as my drawing skills leave quite a lot to be desired. Anyway, the point of this exercise is that you ask students questions about this mystery person. Begin with: What is his / her name? and go from there. The only rule that applies is that students have to pay attention to what other students say so that they can give reasonable answers based on what other students have said. This is a great little exercise to review tenses. The crazier the story becomes the better, and more communicative, the activity is for the students. Short Topic Writing The idea of this exercise is to get students to quickly write about a topic they choose (or you assign). These short presentations are then used in two manners; to generate spontaneous conversations on a wide range of topics, and to take a look at some common writing problems. Use the following subjects and ask students to write a paragraph or two about a subject they choose, give them about five to ten minutes to write: The best thing to happen to me todayThe worst thing to happen to me todaySomething funny that happened to me this weekWhat I really hate!What I really like!My favorite thingA surprise I hadA landscapeA buildingA monumentA museumA memory from childhoodMy best friendMy boss Music Description Choose a short piece or excerpt of music you like (I prefer something by the French composers Ravel or Debussy) and tell the students to relax and listen to the music. Tell them to let their imaginations run free. After you have listened to the piece twice, ask them to describe what they were thinking about or what they imagined while they were listening to the music. Ask them why they had those particular thoughts.

The Sumerian Deities Religion - 1634 Words

I chose to do my research paper on the Sumerian Deities because Religion has always seemed to be such an interesting topic in my opinion. I find it fascinating to learn how an ancient civilization can build itself from the ground up, establish a form of writing, its own language, and also its own religion. Ancient Mesopotamia was home of some of the world’s earliest cities and the place where writing was first invented. Our knowledge of the civilization of ancient Mesopotamia is constantly expanding. Sumerian written history can be dated back to 5300-4100 BC, however the historical remains seems to remain obscure up until the Early Dynastic Period III. After the Sumerian Civilization was established, grew, and expanded greatly, various†¦show more content†¦Nammu is the goddess who has given birth to the great gods. It is she who has the idea of creating mankind, and she goes to wake up Enki, who is asleep in the Apsu, so that he may set the process going. Anu is the sky god. He is the supreme ruler of all the gods. His symbol is the horned cap. Mesopotamian myths tell the story of how the earth was separated from heaven at the beginning of time. In these myths, heaven becomes Anu s home. Anu controls shooting stars, called kishru. Anu is also in charge of the Bull of Heaven who can be sent to earth to avenge the gods. Although Anu is an important Mesopotamian god, there are no known pictures of him. Ki is likely to be the original name of the earth goddess, whose name mo re often appears as Ninhursag (queen of the mountains), Ninmah (the exalted lady), or Nintu (the lady who gave birth). Most often she is considered Enlil s sister, but in some traditions she is his spouse instead. She was born, possibly as a unified cosmic mountain with An, from Nammu and shortly thereafter, their union produced Enlil. In the early days, as Ki, she was separated from heaven (An) and carried off by Enlil. It seems likely that she and An were the progenitors of most of the gods. She later unites with Enlil and with the assistance of Enki they produce the world s plant and animal life. Enki is one of the three most powerful gods in the Mesopotamian pantheon, alongShow MoreRelatedAncient Civilization And Modern Day Iraq And Kuwait Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesAncient Sumerian Civilization The ancient civilization of Sumer was located in modern-day Iraq and Kuwait, and is believed to have begun around 6000 B.C. It is considered ‘The cradle of civilization’ by most historians, because it’s where the first elaborate urban societies appeared. Sumerians were polytheistic, and had a pantheon consisting of many gods and goddesses, who were anthropomorphic superhumans. The Sumerians held a unique view of creation, the afterlife, and worship. They contributedRead MoreThe Origins Of Our Cities1726 Words   |  7 Pagescause effect relationship in the development of these cities. The first cities were developed and formed near bodies of water and fertile areas of the region. For example, I wanted to do some research on the Sumerian civilization around the fertile crescent and how the ancient Sumerian deities, the Anunnaki, played a part in influencing their way of life and their formation of their cities/communities. My interest started from my own curiosity of how people from the past all have similar storiesRead MoreThe Discovery of Ebla and The Relations Between Mesopotamia and Syria1742 Words   |  7 Pagesconducting relations between early North-West Syria and Upper Mesopotamia (Matthiae 1976, 112). Due to these active relations with other cities it was stimulated to absorb cultural elements from the Sumerian and Mesopotamian worlds (Matthiae 1980a, 161). Ebla’s political structure, language, religion and art all reflect evidence of intensive cross-cultural relations and our analysis of these reveals the extensive network active in the Near East in the 3rd millennium BCE. The first question thatRead MoreModern Day Iraq And Kuwait1107 Words   |  5 Pagesquite a lot of worshipping to do, right? Well, it was a reality for many people for centuries in the Mesopotamian area (most of modern day Iraq and Kuwait.) The ancient Mesopotamian religion had over 2,000 gods, but only one was at the head of them all. Well, three. Maybe four depending on who you ask. Mesopotamian religion lasted centuries, and during those times the circumstances changed. The flux in power between city-states led to a change in head god each time. These gods all came with differentRead MoreThe Contributions of Ancient Civilizations to History Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesMesopotamia, known as Sumer. The Sumerians invented the first writing known as Cuneiform. We are left with tens of thousands of written records on many aspects of the Sumerians, the most notable of these being the Epic of Gilgamesh. This is an account of a legendary Sumerian King, the first ever of its kind. The Sumerians are also responsible for inventing the wheel. Originally used to make pottery, but later being used on donkey driven carts and chariots. The Sumerians also invented a method of dividingRead MoreFrom The Norton Anthology Of World Literature Book The Epic Of Gilgamesh 865 Words   |  4 PagesThose Meddling Gods Through the sampling of readings from The Norton Anthology of World Literature book, one could come to the realization that in a majority of those stories, the deities seem to influence or even control the outcomes of the heroes, often in a negative manner. In the first epic, Gilgamesh encounters the gods at various times, and in The Iliad, the gods manipulate the Greeks and the Trojans for their own desires and wants. Two understand how the gods influenced our hero, GilgameshRead MoreCivilization Of Mesopotamia Civilization996 Words   |  4 Pagesknown as Thales. this is a clear indication that education was highly valued in the region. There as many schools as the temples across the region and learning used to take place. Among the disciplines taught were medicine, law, religion, astrology and writing. from a religion perspective, there were over 1,000 in the region. The Mesopotamians believed that the land possessed by demons and spirits and that they were co-workers with the gods. According to them, they believed that the beginning of theRead MoreCompare and Contrast Judaism and Buddhism Essay647 Words   |  3 PagesCompare and Contrast Judaism and Buddhism One of the most early religions are Judaism and Buddhism. Both Judaism and Buddhism have lots of differences beliefs and practices and only few similarities. Judaism was started in 2000 B.C.E, led by Abraham. Buddhism was started in 560 B.C.E, by Siddhartha Gautama. Both religions have different point of view. Buddhism don’t believe in deity and Judaism believe in deity. Buddhism are just followers of Gautama and Judaism believe in Yahweh (the GodRead MoreEgypt And Mesopotamia Similarities1368 Words   |  6 PagesMesopotamia had unique religions, writing systems, literature, scientific achievements, art, and intricate architecture. The Egyptians and the Mesopotamians both had unique ways of worshiping, and going about their own religion. Both believed in deities, and both were polytheistic. Polytheistic is the belief of â€Å"many gods and goddesses †¦ and often competed with one another†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (10). The differences were vast among the two religions, but both were the beginning of organized religion. Both being a mixtureRead MoreThe General History Of Ancient Mesopotamia1247 Words   |  5 Pages101: The general history of ancient Mesopotamia: people groups, culture, and religion Situated in the Tigris Euphrates valley was the property of Mesopotamia. It was here that the first cities in the world were founded between 4000 - 3500 BC from the Sumerian people. They developed their very own belief system, using various goddesses and gods. They developed rites and spiritual practices for worshiping these strong deities. Their daily lives were also much different than those of the last hunter gatherer

Evaluation of People and HR Practices-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write a report that assesses an Organisations people Practices (HR practices) and employee engagement levels and recommend a number of initiatives that aim to improve Employee Engagement. Answer: Introduction Human resource is an important aspect of each and every organization, whether they are located in Australia or any other part of the world. Through the effective HR practices, the company is able to attain and retain talent, keep the employees motivated and keep the engagement levels of employee high (Price, 2011). Woolworths is a leading company of Australia, and is constantly working towards adoption of different HR practices and keeping the employee engagement levels high. In the following parts, the HR practices adopted by Woolworths, along with the steps taken by the company for enhancing the engagement levels have been defined. Along with this, some new initiatives have been presented here, through which the engagement levels of the employees of Woolworths can be improved upon. Woolworths Woolworths is amongst the leading companies in the nation, which caters in the retailing industry. The company is considered as the second largest one in terms of its revenue and is only behind Wesfarmers Limited. The company has been listed on the Australian Securities Exchange for over 21 years (ASX, 2017). Growth The company has attained second rank out of 2000 companies in Australia. The majority of income of the company is attributed to supermarkets and grocery stores. And for 2016, the company generated sales and revenue amounting to $58,563,300,000 (IBIS, 2016). The average growth rate of the company is 10.50% (Financial Times, 2017). Structure The management structure of the company is summarized below. (Weebly, 2017) Vision and Mission The vision and mission of the company is aligned with its strategy of putting its customers at the first position. The vision is to assist the people of Australia in living big for less. And the mission is to attain its top five priorities (Woolworths Group, 2017a). Manpower Strength In Australia and New Zealand, for 2016, the company had 205,000 employees and this included such employees which were enrolled in the subsidiaries of the company. The company also has strength of 2,200 indigenous people and the number of young employees is 79,000 (Woolworths Group, 2016). Branches The company has its branches in the nation, as well as, in New Zealand (Reuters, 2017). The company is the second largest company in both Australia and New Zealand. And the global headquarter of the company is at Bella Vista, New South Wales, Australia (Woolworths Group, 2017b) HR Strategy of Woolworths The Divisional Director for HR of the company, Matt Keogh was interviewed to highlight the HR strategies of the company. Before establishing the HR strategies for the company, the company has identified its biggest challenge, which is related to attaining and retaining talent of skills and talent. The company also identified its leading capability, which is its innovation and quality. In order to deal with the challenges, the company formulated HR strategy for establishing leading employee value proposition which would help in attracting and retaining the best talent by making certain that the workforce is not only inspired, but is also committed towards the strategic plans and the vision of the company (Eeden, 2017). Evaluation of people and HR practices In an interview conducted, where the employees of Woolworths, Aldi and Coldes were interviewed, the working life at the Australian Supermarkets was highlighted. Majority of the former and the current employees stated that they enjoyed their roles, even when some highlighted that there were highly strict demands, unpaid overtime, backbreaking labor and heavy lifting. In this interview, it had been revealed that a major contribution was made by the company towards the economy and employment. And that it is a role where the young Australians get their first job, which acts as a launch pad for their successful careers (Tran, 2015). Employment Engagement at Woolworths with theoretical description Employee engagement refers to such a property of relationship which is between the employees and the organization. When an employee is engaged they are fully able to absorb and be enthusiastic about their work, which leads to actions being taken towards the interests and reputation of the organization. When the employee engagement levels are high, the employee outperforms; and when this low, the employees are not motivated towards performing exceptionally well (Bridger, 2014). For the Woolworths Limited, an employee engagement survey was conducted, in which the company attained participation at the rate of 80% and it also obtained an overall engagement score of 66%. However, this had a decline by 2% in comparison to the last year. And another problem is that this result fell below the industry standards and the leaders of the company are continuing to work with its employees, in order to understand the manner in which employee engagement can be increased and to understand the manner in which the company can be made a great place to work, for the employees (Woolworths Group, 2015). Initiatives for increasing employee engagement As it has been identified that the employee engagement for 2015 for Woolworths fell down by 2% in comparison to 2014, it highlights the need for the company to invest their time, efforts and take initiatives to contribute towards the success of the business (Woolworths Group, 2015). This would give them a sense of purpose in their roles; bring energy, passion and enthusiasm to do the work. By the use of these techniques, the employee engagement can be boosted for the company. Initiative 1 Initiative and reason for choosing the initiative The first and foremost initiative which needs to be adopted is to make certain that there is an inspiring leadership. What needs to be done substantiated by sound rationale and theory There is a need for a hands-on, competent and passionate leadership for the employee engagement. By showing that the leader is genuinely interested in the employee and by investing time in knowing their aspirations and needs can help in spreading the message that the employee is valued (Page, 2015). This is aligned with the expectancy theory where the employees act in a particular manner when they feel motivated. So, when the employee is motivated through their leader, they would want to work in a better matter and be motivated towards attainment of company goals (DuBrin, 2008). Expectations substantiated by sound rationale and theory The expectancy theory, when aligned with strong leadership, would push the employees in performing better as the leader would push them to attain the objectives set out for them. This would in turn increase the engagement levels of the employees. Initiative 2 Initiative and reason for choosing the initiative The next step towards employee engagement is to provide the employees with the opportunity of growing. What needs to be done substantiated by sound rationale and theory When the staff feels underused, they get disengaged. When the employees are given the opportunity to use their skills in an adequate manner, they remain engaged and are also encouraged to stretch their skills so as to progress (Page, 2015). This initiative is aligned with the Maslows hierarchy of needs. Under this model, the employees are said to have certain needs, which help them in being motivated (Rakowski, 2011). The esteem needs under this model require the feeling of accomplishment for the employee and only when they are given the opportunity to progress, can they feel accomplished (Maslow, 2013). (Source: McLeod, 2007) Expectations substantiated by sound rationale and theory When the employees are given the opportunity to grow, their esteem needs would be satisfied, which would help the employee in moving over the next step; and would also motivate the other employees, to stay engaged in order to get such growth opportunities. Initiative 3 Initiative and reason for choosing the initiative Another helpful initiative in this regard is finding the way of recognizing and rewarding the employees. What needs to be done substantiated by sound rationale and theory In order for the employees to be engaged towards performing ell and giving their best, they need to know that their efforts would be rewarded and recognized (Page, 2015). This is not only aligned with the Maslows hierarchy of needs, but is also aligned with the incentive theory of motivation. This theory involves a combination of positive reinforcement, conditioning and homeostasis. Under this theory, the employee is rewarded when they work better (Explorable, 2017). Expectations substantiated by sound rationale and theory When the employee would be awarded for their efforts, they would automatically become more engaged in the workplace and this, in turn, would garner attainment of objectives for the company. Conclusion On the basis of the discussion carried above, it can be concluded that even though Woolworths is a leading company in Australia, it is facing employee engagement related issues. The company is growing constantly and yet some of its employees have been dissatisfied about the working in the company. And for these purposes, there is a need for the company to adopt some new initiatives, so that the employees can be engaged and the goals of the company can be attained. Hence, it is recommended to Woolworths to adopt the three initiatives which have been stated here, as these are aligned with famous theories, which substantiate their efficiency References ASX. (2017) WOW. [Online] ASX. Available from: https://m.asx.com.au/m/company-info.xhtml?issuerCode=WOW [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Bridger, E. (2014) Employee Engagement. London: Kogan Page Limited DuBrin, A.J. (2008) Essentials of Management. 8th ed. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Eeden, M.B. (2017) Interview with Matt Keogh - Woolworths Divisional Director for HR. [Online] Human Capital Review. Available from: https://www.humancapitalreview.org/content/default.asp?Article_ID=930 [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Explorable. (2017) Incentive Theory of Motivation. [Online] Explorable. Available from: https://explorable.com/incentive-theory-of-motivation [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Financial Times. (2017) Equities. [Online] Financial Times. Available from: https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/forecasts?s=WES:ASXmhq5j=e1 [Accessed on: 03/08/17] IBIS. (2016) Woolworths Ltd - Premium Company Report Australia. [Online] IBIS. Available from: https://www.ibisworld.com.au/australian-company-research-reports/retail-trade/woolworths-ltd-company.html [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Maslow, A.H. (2013) Toward a Psychology of Being. US: Start Publishing. McLeod, S. (2007) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. [Online] Simply Psychology. Available from: https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Page, M. (2015) 5 ways to boost employee engagement. [Online] Michael Page. Available from: https://www.michaelpage.co.in/advice/management-advice/engagement-and-retention/5-ways-boost-employee-engagement [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Price, A. (2011) Human Resource Management. 4th ed. Hampshire: Cengage Learning FEMA. Rakowski, N. (2011) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Model. Norderstedt, Germany: GRIN Verlag. Reuters. (2017) Woolworths Ltd (WOW.AX). [Online] Reuters. Available from: https://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/companyProfile?symbol=WOW.AX [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Tran, C. (2015) Backbreaking labour, unpaid overtime and strict managers: Coles, Woolworths and Aldi staff reveal what it's REALLY like to work at Australia's biggest supermarkets. [Online] Daily Mail Online. Available from: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3313134/Employees-reveal-problems-faced-Coles-Woolworths-Aldi-staff.html [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Weebly. (2017) Management Structure. [Online] Weebly. Available from: https://orreconomics.weebly.com/management-structure.html [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Woolworths Group. (2015) People. [Online] Woolworths Group. Available from: https://woolworthslimited2015.csr-report.com.au/focus-areas.html [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Woolworths Group. (2016) 2016 Annual Report. [Online] Woolworths Group. Available from: https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/icms_docs/185865_annual-report-2016.pdf [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Woolworths Group. (2017a) Strategy and objectives. [Online] Woolworths Group. Available from: https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/about-us/our-approach/strategy-and-objectives [Accessed on: 03/08/17] Woolworths Group. (2017b) Contact Information. [Online] Woolworths Group. Available from: https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/contact-us/contact-information [Accessed on: 03/08/17]

Future of Wal

Present Situation Wal-Mart Asda is one of the biggest retailers in the UK. It is necessary to note that Wal-Mart as well as its subsidiary Wal-Mart Asda is facing numerous constraints and the growth of the company has slowed down. Officials of the company note that the UK consumer is â€Å"under pressure† and people’s spending ability has decreased considerably (Thesing n.p.).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Future of Wal-Mart Asda specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At the same time, in the second quarter of 2013, Wal-Mart Asda had new customers (26% of the visitors were new customers) who spent more than average customers. Admittedly, it is tempting to focus on the new customers who spend 40% more. Nonetheless, it is crucial to take into account a number of issues. Opportunities and Threats Notably, at the period of the slowdown, the company has to consider new ways and approaches. However, the major marketing problem is whether the company should focus on the new group or stick to the target group of its customers. Focusing on the customers who spend more in the stores can be beneficial and can lead to a new wave of growth. However, it is necessary to remember that this trend can be short-lived and the new customers can stop spending more. The company’s officials admit that lots of their customers have been affected by the rise of prices, which has a negative impact on their spending ability (â€Å"Wal-Mart Results Hit† n.p.). It is important to pay attention to this trend while developing new strategies. Furthermore, the number of new customers is significant but even 30% of new buyers will not be able to spend more than 70% of the average customers of Wal-Mart. The company will have to develop a new approach to attract more new customers. However, it is unlikely that the number on new customers can increase significantly as the UK is facing various financial co nstraints. Effective Strategy Therefore, it is not wise to focus on attraction of the new customers. This strategy is too risky and can lead to huge losses as it can cause the loss of old customers. Thus, the retailer should not change the strategies employed. It is necessary to focus on the old customers. It can be helpful to develop new strategies to facilitate the old customers’ purchasing. At present, countries have to cope with financial constraints so it is not wise to change the focus and lose the target group of customers. At the same time, it is impossible to waste such an opportunity. It is important to attract the new customers. This direction should also be developed. Nonetheless, it requires certain research.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is possible to identify a number of research questions: to explore the extent to which the new group can increas e the company’s profits; to compare the profits gained from the new group and the target group of customers; to look into the nature of the new group of the customers (socio-economic status, their preferences, expectations); to look into the factors that affected the new group’s interest to the company; to explore the target groups’ preferences, expectations as well as spending ability. Thus, Wal-Mart Asda should invest into the research to understand whether the trend can be lasting. In other words, it is important to understand whether new customers will be able to spend the same amount of money. Moreover, it can be helpful to find out what exactly attracts new customers. This can help develop appropriate strategies which can foster new customers’ spending. Conclusion On balance, it is possible to state that the company should invest into certain research to identify whether the trend can be lasting. The company can also develop certain strategies to a ttract such customers. However, Wal-Mart Asda should still focus on its target group of customers as changing the strategy can be too risky and can lead to huge losses. Works Cited Thesing, Gabi. â€Å"Wal-Mart’s Asda Says Sales Growth Slowed as Consumers Struggle.† Bloomberg 15 August 2013. Web. â€Å"Wal-Mart Results Hit by Tough Markets as Asda Growth Slows.† BBC News 15 August 2013. Web. This essay on Future of Wal-Mart Asda was written and submitted by user 3-D Man to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Pirates, Privateers, Buccaneers, and Corsairs

Pirates, Privateers, Buccaneers, and Corsairs Pirate, privateer, corsair, buccaneer: All of these words can refer to a person who engages in high-seas thievery, but whats the difference? Heres a handy reference guide to clear things up. Pirates Pirates are men and women who attack ships or coastal towns in an attempt to rob them or capture prisoners for ransom. Essentially, they are thieves with a boat. Pirates do not discriminate when it comes to their victims. Any nationality is fair game. They do not have the (overt) support of any legitimate nation and generally are outlaws wherever they go. Because of the nature of their trade, pirates tend to use violence and intimidation more than regular thieves. Forget about the romantic pirates of the movies: pirates were (and are) ruthless men and women driven to piracy by need. Famous historical pirates include Blackbeard, Black Bart Roberts, Anne Bonny, and Mary Read. Privateers Privateers were men and ships in the semi-employ of a nation which was at war. Privateers were private ships encouraged to attack enemy ships, ports and interests. They had the official sanction and protection of the sponsoring nation and had to share a portion of the plunder. One of the most famous privateers was Captain Henry Morgan, who fought for England against Spain in the 1660s and 1670s. With a privateering commission, Morgan sacked several Spanish towns, including Portobello and Panama City. He shared his plunder with England and lived out his days in honor in Port Royal. A privateer like Morgan would never have attacked ships or ports belonging to another nation besides the one on his commission and would never have attacked any English interests under any circumstances. This is primarily what differentiates privateers from pirates. Buccaneers The Buccaneers were a specific group of privateers and pirates who were active in the late 1600s. The word comes from the French boucan, which was smoked meat made by hunters on Hispaniola out of the wild pigs and cattle there. These men set up a business of selling their smoked meat to passing ships  but soon realized that there was more money to be made in piracy. They were rugged, tough men who could survive hard conditions and shoot well with their rifles, and they soon became adept at waylaying passing ships. They became greatly in demand for French and English privateer ships, then fighting the Spanish. Buccaneers generally attacked towns from the sea and rarely engaged in open-water piracy. Many of the men who fought alongside Captain Henry Morgan were buccaneers. By 1700 or so their way of life was dying out and before long they were gone as a socio-ethnic group. Corsairs Corsair is a word in English applied to foreign privateers, generally either Muslim or French. The Barbary pirates, Muslims who terrorized the Mediterranean from the 14th until the 19th centuries, were often referred to as corsairs because they did not attack Muslim ships and often sold prisoners into slavery. During the Golden Age of Piracy, French privateers were referred to as corsairs. It was a very negative term in English at the time. In 1668, Henry Morgan was deeply offended when a Spanish official called him a corsair (of course, he had just sacked the city of Portobello and was demanding a ransom for not burning it to the ground, so maybe the Spanish were offended, too). Sources: Cawthorne, Nigel. A History of Pirates: Blood and Thunder on the High Seas. Edison: Chartwell Books, 2005.Cordingly, David. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 1996Defoe, Daniel. (Captain Charles Johnson) A General History of the Pyrates. Edited by Manuel Schonhorn. Mineola: Dover Publications, 1972/1999.Earle, Peter. New York: St. Martins Press, 1981.Konstam, Angus. The World Atlas of Pirates. Guilford: the Lyons Press, 2009

Mayos Theory of Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Mayos Theory of Management - Coursework Example Mayo’s studies propose some specific views on employee-manager relations. He opined â€Å"a tension between workers’ ‘logic of sentiment’ and managers’ ‘logic of cost and efficiency’†, which have the potential to lead to organizational conflicts. Lussier argues that in an organizational setting, a manager is responsible for enlightening his workers about the planned organizational changes (41). Therefore, workers get a clear idea regarding their future assignments. When the managers do not pass relevant information to employees, they would be unaware of the implemented organizational changes. Under such situations, managers and other people at the helm of affairs may unethically manipulate the workers. In my opinion, a manager would be fully responsible for unethically manipulating the worker, if the worker is unaware of the change. According to Illouz, Mayo’s management theory reflects that the workers should be seen as me mbers of a group rather than isolated individuals (p.117). He continues that the demand to belong to a group is more important to an employee than acquiring monetary incentives or satisfactory working condition. These ‘social needs’ of the workers can be met only if the managers ensure that the workers are well informed of the changes. In total, in order to integrate the workforce with organizational interests, managers must consider the employee as an inevitable element of the organization.

Contemporary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Contemporary - Essay Example This is because a formal disclosure framework helps to guide regulators, and preparers towards better and more material disclosure. However, while material disclosure is supposed to be free and within a given time frame, there are numerous cases where preparers have failed to disclose significant materials to users or vice-versa. This fact has been associated with the idea that many organizations lack proper disclosure framework (White, 2009, p.67). It was this lack of proper disclosure framework that led IASB to carryout survey recently about disclosure framework, and found that regulators, preparers and users are supposed to work together so as to improve disclosure. All disclosures need improvement. Disclosure is supposed to be guided by materiality, and that principle based disclosure guidance would be essential. This study will be therefore examining why regulators, preparers and users are supposed to work together so as to improve disclosure. All disclosures need improvement. D isclosure is supposed to be guided by materiality, and that principle based disclosure guidance would be essential According to United States Congress Staff (2002, p.788), one of the most significant findings of IASB is that disclosure should be guided by materiality. ... The main issue is a clear and comprehensive disclosure of information related to sound decision making by market participants, authorities, and the public. Majority of people held the view that crucial information regarding funds and expenditure has always been concealed from the users or in case where it is given, it is not clear and comprehensive. This fact has raised many concerns among the people who want that information disclosure should be improved because it has been facilitating corruption. Due to this increased demands, many organizations are implementing disclosure policies as they have started to come up with succinct disclosure framework. For instance, Financial Market Insurers (FMIs) have implemented a disclosure framework that was organized to supplement the CPSS-ISCO principles for financial market infrastructures, and help it in providing the comprehensive degree of disclosure that is expected of them under Principle 23 on disclosure of rules, main processes, and mar ket data (Fung et al., 2007, p.140). According to Bunger (2012, p.337), the disclosure framework was prepared in association with the CPSS-IOSCO Assessment methodology for the principles for FMIs and the accountabilities of the authorities to ensure a common framework that will reduce burden on FMIs and give assessors a basic set of information from which to start their assessment of FMIs. Heated debate about accounting regulation that calls for a formal disclosure framework has led to establishment and implementation of new rules and regulation that governs information disclosure. For instance, federally tax-exempt organizations stated under IRC sections 501(c) and 501(d) ought to comply